All about Chandigarh Master Plan

[ecis2016.org] India’s first planned city, Chandigarh intended to bring city-peripheral concept to India but somehow failed. We examine what’s in store for the city, in its latest master plan

Chandigarh, the capital of Haryana and Punjab is also known as the ‘city beautiful’, for a number of reasons. Being India’s first planned city, the union territory is one of the cleanest cities in the country and is famous for its quality of architecture and urban planning. To keep up with the growing population and requirements of the city, the civic authorities designed the master plan of Chandigarh that will help them to regulate development and building activity. The authorities have already prepared the Master Plan 2031, which is currently a draft but is expected to be notified soon. Here is all you need to know about the latest Chandigarh Master Plan, which will transform the city’s skyline.

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All about Chandigarh Master Plan 2031

Here are some key takeaways from the Chandigarh Master Plan 2031:

* According to the Chandigarh Master Plan 2031, the city will continue to record higher densities, with further population growth. This will pose a challenge for residents, to get access to quality amenities and essential infrastructure.

* The master plan area spreads across the entire 114 sq kms of Chandigarh city, along with the town of Manimajra, which has grown from a small settlement to an area under extreme pressure for development. This is because of its prime location on the Chandigarh-Kalka Highway, its proximity to Chandigarh and the expansion of existing towns / development of new towns in Haryana.

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* According to the Chandigarh Master Plan, several new colonies have been added to the sectoral grid. Manimajra is now Sector 13; Sarangpur Institutional Area shall become Sector 12 (west); Dhanas including Milk Colony and Rehabilitation Colony will be renamed as Sector 14 (west); Maloya and Dadumajra shall be Sector 39 (west); Pocket number 8 below Vikas Marg as Sector 56 (west); and Industrial Area phase 1 and 2 will be designated as Business and Industrial Park 1 and 2, respectively.

* The Chandigarh Master Plan 2031 proposes the re-densification of several areas to meet basic infrastructure/amenities requirements, due to the increase in population.

* The master plan proposes new development on the vacant land parcels along the periphery of the city. Out of the total land of 11,742 acres available in the outskirts, 3,082 acres will be developed, in 17 distinct divisions.

* RITES have proposed an integrated multi-modal mass transport system in the city, which will have metro rail, bus rapid transit (BRT) system, commuter rail system and a normal city bus system. This will boost connectivity to nearby towns and villages and cater to commuting needs in near future.

* The Master Plan 2031 does not include 26 sq kms of area of the Sukhna WildLife Sanctuary on the north of the Capitol Complex, which has been preserved as the no-construction zone.

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Chandigarh’s urban planning plan

Chandigarh was designed by Swiss-French modernist architect Le Corbusier and is considered as the dream city of India’s first prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru. In Le Corbusier’s Phase-I plan, the city was divided into a grid of 30 sectors, with Capitol Complex and the Civic Centre as the focal points, while Phase-II layout included Sectors 31 to 47.

Phase-I comprised of 30 low-density sectors (Sectors 1 to 30), spread over 9,000 acres and intended for 1.5 lakh people, while Phase-II (Sectors 31 to 47) consisted of 17 considerably high-density areas, spread over an area of 6,000 acres and intended for a population of 3.5 lakhs. Subsequently, nine more sectors (Sectors 48 to 56) were added.

Mohali, the new town on the southern outskirts, is part of Phase-III of Chandigarh, which was conceived to promote planned development and continue the sectoral grid and the development of lands falling between Phase-II and Mohali. Phase-III comprises ‘group housing schemes’ and four-storeyed flats, built by the Chandigarh Housing Board and cooperative house building societies instead of plots, resulting in higher densities.

Since the master plan of Chandigarh covers an area of approximately 114 sq kms, very few people know that only 70 sq kms of the area was planned by Le Corbusier, while the remaining is the peripheral area which was regulated under the Punjab New Periphery Control Act, 1952. The main city and the peripheral areas were intended to have clearly defined functions, as per the original plan enunciated by Le Corbusier. The main city was meant to be the container and the periphery, the provider. However, now, the peripheral areas have succumbed to pressure from the growing population and have been developed into full-fledged urban sprawls with a lot of illegal construction. The Master Plan 2031 intends to establish the original city-peripheral concept.

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